The Violence Of The State Of Pennsylvania s Ethnic...

Luis Ramirez and his girlfriend are enjoying a quiet evening at Shenandoah Park on July 12, 2008, after hanging out with friends. That night the two ran into six drunk high school football players in the woods after leaving a party. The six men started to shout racial slurs toward the two, which later turned into a physical altercation, six against one. Derrick Donchak, one of the defendants, beat Ramirez with a thick piece of metal. At the same time, Donchak’s teammate continued to kick Ramirez in the head as he laid on the ground. As the beating continued, all six men screamed: â€Å"This is Shenandoah. This is America. Go back to Mexico.† Unfortunately, Ramirez died two days after, due to injuries sustained during the altercation (Lopez, 2012). These six men were charged as adults, while three of them, Piekarsky, Donchak, and Walsh were charged with homicide and ethnic intimidation. The state of Pennsylvania’s ethnic intimidation statute is defined as â€Å"t he intention to commit any act, the commission of which is motivated by hatred toward the race, color, religion, or national origin of an individual or group of individuals† (Lopez, 2012). As the trial proceeded, the prosecution had witnesses testify against the defendants as well as a retired police officer who heard the racial slurs against Ramirez. Donchak was identified as the person who punched Ramirez and Piekarsky as the one who kicked him by multiple individuals including the four other teammates. Donchak andShow MoreRelatedPolice Brutality Is Becoming Worse And More Documented With The Use Of Cell Phones1399 Words   |  6 Pagesapplied in the context of causing physical harm, it may also involve psychological harm through the use of intimidation tactics beyond the scope of officially sanctioned police procedure. To begin with, let s start with the police officers who commit the crime of abuse. Cops feel like they are superior and no one can stop them. If there are no witnesses to see the commit a crime, it s the victim s word against the officer. Cops are indicted in less than 1% of killings, but the indictment rate for CitizensRead MoreRacial Discrimination in America During the 1920s2416 Words   |  10 PagesThe motto of the United States of America is E Pluribus Unum meaning ‘Out of one, many. It neatly recognises that although America may be a single nation, it is also one originally made up of immigrants who arrived not only from Europe and Asia, but forcibly as slaves from Africa and of Native Americans. Its population is the most racially and culturally diverse in the world and for that reason is often referred to as a Melting Pot. br brDuring the 1920s, racial tensions in American societyRead MoreHate Crime And Mass Shootings Essay4636 Words   |  19 PagesAmerica s Greatest Threats: Domestic Terrorism, Hate Crimes and Mass Shootings I. Introduction Executive Order 13224 on Terrorist Financing under the guidelines of the United States (U.S) National Emergency Act (Pub. L. 94-412) went into effect on September 24, 2001 by President George W. Bush and remains active, for the reason that President Barak Obama, kept the order in an uninterrupted state of emergency throughout his presidency. Due to the guidelines of the statute, national state ofRead More Gangs and Violence in California Essay3549 Words   |  15 PagesGangs and Violence in California This paper was done in response to an article that I came across in which a child was convicted as an adult for homicide. The homicide was supposedly gang-related; the young child that was only 14 years of age was painted as an entrenched gang member. This article made me think what contributed to this situation and how it can be eradicated from today’s society so this will never happen to any of our youth. The solutions provided in this document are a responseRead MorePersuasive Essay On Domestic Terrorism3883 Words   |  16 PagesI. Introduction The United States has been in a national state of emergency fighting a war on terrorism since September 11, 2001. The intelligence communities have pursued and tracked down terrorist suspects who pose a direct threat to this country, yet one of the greatest threat to this country is the astronomical number of mass shootings and hate crimes that have occurred in this country post 9/11. The United States has taken aggressive measures to counteract the war on Terror, yet has notRead MoreHuman Resources And Human Resource Management10880 Words   |  44 PagesHuman Resources Defined As a Salon Owner you may have heard the term Human Resources as these departments started showing up in small to large companies in the late 1960’s. The purpose of these departments was to have specialists that advised their Corporate Management staff on everything from hiring to performance management. Normally the department would be headed up by a person who was qualified, experienced and had formal education in Human Resource Management from an accredited college or universityRead MoreHistory and Rolls of Law Enforcement in America10094 Words   |  41 Pagesgained throughout the course. Followed by a reaction summary. To understand today, you often have to look at yesterday. To grasp the challenges that contemporary policing faces, we need to explore a brief history of law enforcement in the Untied States. It is a story of a countries continuing struggle with law enforcement within a democracy. On the one hand we all want a professional police, with highly trained officers who will rush to our door in emergencies. Weather the reason is crime or catastropheRead MoreOne Significant Change That Has Occurred in the World Between 1900 and 2005. Explain the Impact This Change Has Made on Our Lives and Why It Is an Important Change.163893 Words   |  656 PagesEdition E SSAYS ON _ T WENTIETH- C ENTURY H ISTORY Edited by Michael Adas for the American Historical Association TEMPLE UNIVERSITY PRESS PHILADELPHIA Temple University Press 1601 North Broad Street Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19122 www.temple.edu/tempress Copyright  © 2010 by Temple University All rights reserved Published 2010 Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Essays on twentieth century history / edited by Michael Peter Adas for the American Read MoreRp-Us Visiting Forces Agreement12890 Words   |  52 PagesINTRODUCTION The United States and the Republic of the Philippines maintain close ties based upon the U.S.- Philippines Mutual Defense Treaty, the period of U.S. colonization, common strategic and economic interests, and shared democratic values. The United States long maintained sizable naval and air forces bases in the country. Although the Philippine Senate voted against U.S. wishes to close American military installations in 1992, bilateral security cooperation resumed following territorialRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:

Regarding to the world narcissism and pornography are...

Regarding to the world narcissism and pornography are affecting Americans. Due to the fact that the top negative things associated with YouTube is making it a more negative influence on society than positive. This is becoming a negative impact on children and young adults. In today’s society, war porn is one of the main things that are affecting Americans. They think that War Porn started from the mentally ill people. The writer Jessica Ramirez says, â€Å"Critics of war porn says it dehumanizes the enemy and does not provide the context necessary to understand the psychological aspects of war† (1). She is stating that the War Porn is changing enemies to the aspects of war. In addition, War Porn became popular with images in Vietnam. She also†¦show more content†¦Chinese man decided to send a video to YouTube for safety about how he confirmed his dramatic escape. Furthermore, Mr.Chen called Mr.Wen to punish the government. The researcher said, â€Å"In the You Tube video, Mr.Chen called on Mr.Wen to punish government and police officials† (2). He claimed it had made his life a misery during the 19 months he spent under house arrest. In America, there has been negative pornography and narcissism. Individuals are trying to stop child pornography. A newspaper source states, â€Å"The profits need to work closely with credit carol companies to track where and when money is exchanged for child pornography† (1). Police are trying to track when money is exchanged for child pornography. Moreover, they are finding out child pornography is a serious form of abuse, and the victims are increasingly even younger. They stated, â€Å"In last year’s Japanese cases the majority of victims were middle ad primary school students. In poorer countries, the victims are increasingly even younger child pornography is a serious form of abuse† (2). Victims were a majority of middle school students and had a serious form of abuse. There a re also a lot of students that are more narcissistic today. A lot of college students are necessities today. Sharon Jayson said, â€Å"College students say social networking makes them more narcissistic today† (1). A majority of 1,068 college students said when asked about narcissism in a poll on social networking sites. Furthermore,Show MoreRelatedA Research Study On Research1173 Words   |  5 PagesThe research topic is selected, the testable research question is developed, research on the topic is found, the literature review is completed, and a decision is made on the research design. Now, one of the most important steps in the research process to accomplish is the collection of data. Notwithstanding the research project and whether the method of research is whether qualitative or quantitative, data must be collected. Data collection is essential whether the method of choice is a mailRead MoreResearch Methodology For The Research1255 Words   |  6 PagesCHAPTER 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Introduction In doing the research, the methodology must be appropriate so that the analysis findings could reach the objective. Research methodology proposed one procedure in order way to be follow to answer all the questions in the research that want to be made. Quoted by Denzin and Lincoln (1994), methodology is a process that related with research objective and data. In the others word, it is early research planning that include the research scope, data collectionRead MoreResearch Methods And Methods Of Research975 Words   |  4 PagesStudying research method was not a new experience since I have studied about it in my under graduate school. In comparison from the previous one I had, ULMS 515 Applied Research Methods Module has enhanced my understanding about how to conduct a research in an appropriate way to be implemented in the real world setting. I learned to appreciate the nature of research and the research process in academic and practical contexts. This module also enables me to dev elop my understanding in the differencesRead MoreA Research Study On Psychological Research1657 Words   |  7 Pages Psychological Research can range from being simple to very complex. Psychological research deals with the research that psychologist have conducted to research and analyze the behavior of individuals. When conducting these researches there are special guidelines which need to be taken. If the researcher fails to meet these guidelines the research may be classified as unethical. When conducting psychological research there are many important ethnical guidelines which need to be followed. The researcherRead MoreImplications Of Research On Research1872 Words   |  8 PagesImplications of research Authenticity; this is research carried out which aims to include new knowledge and understanding, produce new data or interpret knowledge which was already used in a new form. The researcher is required and must not alter observations made, questionnaires, interviews and focus groups done. The research must be carried out with integrity. However researchers may end up changing data as they may be pressurised or they need to be a deadline. (Srmo.sagepub.com, 2015).For exampleRead MoreResearch Questions On Research And Research Essay918 Words   |  4 PagesResearch Basics 1. Explain in order from 1 to 6 the steps in the process of research. 1. Identify the Research Problem – Specify a problem; justify a problem and suggest a need to study the problem for audiences (Creswell). 2. Review the literature- Locate resources, i.e.; books, journals, electronic resources; select resources-determine the relevant resources for the topic; organize; Summarize the resources in a literature review (Creswell). 3. Specify a Research Purpose – Identify the purpose statement-theRead MoreResearch Design For Criminological Research931 Words   |  4 PagesCritically assess the use of ‘triangulation’ in research design for criminological studies. There has been an emergence in the use of triangulation in criminological research, in a bid to combine two methods to ensure the validity of the research. As a result, the use of triangulation is recommended as good practice for any criminological research (Maruna 2009); as no single method can produce a comprehensive account of the study under research (Bryman 1988). In spite of its reported success, theRead MoreA Research Study On Experimental Research892 Words   |  4 PagesExperimental research is sometimes done with risk of harming the subjects under study. In a research study, participants could be physically and emotionally harmed. As nurses, we are advocates for our patients. Therefore, our goal is to protect them from any harm and discomfort when they participate in experimental treatment. Many dilemmas arise when trying to determine the level where an experimental treatment becomes harmful. In the past, researchers conducted unethical experiments without theRead MoreEval uation Of A Research And Qualitative Research852 Words   |  4 Pagesof a Research Designed Process and how researchers use this process. A research process is an iterative process which is complex, is always back and forth when it comes to a process, this process never ends. This process goes two ways there is a Quantitative research and a Qualitative Research. The first way that I will talk about will be the Quantitative Research. The way that Literature is defined in the research process is as an assessment of a body of research that addresses a research questionRead MoreA Research Paper On The Quality Research906 Words   |  4 PagesThe reason this book is being reviewed is because this was one of our textbook for our book review. This book was for our class to understand how to write a research paper in higher standard. The Quality Research Papers is written by Nancy Vyhmeister has forty-five years of experience in teaching future pastors and professors throughout the world. She continues to have a global ministry in her retirement years, mostly teaching and writing. She also has authored several books, both in Spanish and

Gabons political economy free essay sample

Gabon, a potential place for costumers 4 2009, still in the pursue of Green Gabon 15 Why does Gabon need costumers ? 8 Bibliography 16 The ecologic bet of 2002 10 Fatima Coleman Costumers, an opportunity for Gabon? African Political Economy May 8th Professor Marmosets Secondary Story Headline Final Project With its 800 kilometers of coastline, its 13 national parks which are home to species unique to Ga and more than 400,000 years of archaeological and cultural history, Gabon has all the key ingredients to becoming a destination of choice or costumers. Tourism, nowadays, is one of the biggest sectors of activity in the world, first source of employment. Costumers, contrarily to mass tourism which degrades natural habitats, is part of a sustainable development perspective. Sustainable development is according to the Broadband report a development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs. Therefore, costumers is directed towards exotic environments often threatened, with the objective to support the efforts of conservation and the observation of nature. Responsible travel to natural areas that conserves the environment and improves the well-being of the local people (The International Costumers society 1990) Costumers must meet certain criteria Preservation of biodiversity and its functions, through the protection and the restoration of ecosystems The respect of cultural diversity and its ties to the environment The revenues and the profits from costumers must directly benefit the population in the regions concerned The promotion and the encouragement of sustainable development by providing employment to the local and aboriginal populations. Educate the travelers in acquiring corruptibilitys Sustainable development is a development model that conciliates ecology, economy and social and establishes a virtuous circle between these three poles: Its a development that is economically efficient, socially equitable and ecologically sustainable. What are the advantages of adopting costumers ? Economic advantages The idea that we generally have of costumers is a marginal activity intended to finance the protection of environment. This idea is purely incorrect given that costumers is also a meaner to generate revenue and it has become a driving sector in overall national economies. For example, in Costa Rica, Central America, the reference for costumers, its the first source of income. Its also the case in Madagascar and Kenya in Africa. Currently, costumers is the sector with the fastest growth within tourism. For example in France, the first tourist destination in the world with 70 millions of tourists per year according to the WTFO , has the Forest of Fontainebleau as one of most visited attraction. The economic success of costumers, contributes to other national development projects, such as health centers or schools ND to the overall improvement of the quality of life of local communities with an important Job creation close to the tourist sites. A primordial aspect is therefore to ensure that the income generated by costumers participates in sustainable development. In conclusion, costumers constitutes a way to Costumers and cultural approach benefit the local populations and the protected areas. It is part of sustainable development At the cultural level, tourism can be the cause strategy in which natural resources can be of change in local communities. Power released as tourist attractions thou causing actions become unbalanced between tourists any harm to natural areas. However, governing the locals, It either causes cultural ornaments are not able to realize this on their own Sino or conflict between both parties. However- and often associate with Nags that support ere, costumers offers another alternative con- the conservation of the environment to manage kerning this cultural change. And protect natural areas. Gabon, an incredible potential for costumers Due to their ecological value, protected areas, especially those situated in tropical areas, present a large number of the most important Egotistic attractions of the World. Those attractions can be due to particular species of fauna or flora which are endemic, or also to nigh index to species diversity, or unusual geomorphology formation or great historical or cultural events that are unique to a natural context. Central Africa, which possesses the second biggest rain forest of the World, true lungs for the Earth , is a paradise for botanists and zoologists. Its therefore an exceptional destination for costumers. We are going to examine what are the characteristics that provide Gabon with its uniqueness in the field of costumers. Paradise for biodiversity Gabon, the Last Eden National Geographic 2007 Flora Gabon is covered by more than 80% of the equatorial forest and holds an extremely rich fauna and vegetation. Its one of the rare countries in the world where nature has remained close to its state of origin in spite of forest exploitation and commercial hunt. Gabon appears as a treasure for environment because of the patrimony inside the forests. Animal species are numerous and varied and over 20% of the plant species are found nowhere else on earth. Besides, the country benefits from the lowest population density in Africa, allowing to preserve the authenticity and the perversity of its ecological wealth. We are going to explore the incredible biodiversity of Gabon Gabon is among the rare tropical countries where the pressure of the forest is relatively low. Since the creation of the Harrier National in 1983, more than 15000 species have been collected, more than 19000 have been described. Among them approximately 19% have been categorized as endemic. More generally, Gabon is a place where multiple varieties of habitats coexist, such as : 0 primary forest Swamp forests Littoral forests Mangrove vegetation Savannah Revering forests Gabon is situated in the most species-rich zone per unit surface in Tropical Africa. Fauna Sawbones fauna is one of the most diversified and richest in Africa with more than 150 mammal species. Here is an overview: There is the largest population of untouched elephants known in Africa (Lodgment African cyclists) with more than 80000 individuals, half of it are in the Nibble region. Gabon is an important sanctuary for primates with 19 species, including gorillas and chimpanzees. We also find among the mammal, many protected species such as buffaloes, panthers, hippopotamus, manatees, bush pigs etc.. The fauna also remains diversified with more than 600 species of birds. The inventory of terrestrial reptiles records 65 species, including crocodiles, turtles, monitor lizards and snakes. The leatherback turtles, an endangered species realizes her reproduction in Gabon Finally, several species of fish are known in Gabon. Called the country of the giant fish with barracudas, big Jacks, red carps, sharks, whales etc.. It constitutes an incredible potential for fishing. Cultural wealth Diverse ethnically heritage Gibbons first inhabitants were the pigmy population, They are know for their hunting, rest gathering habits as well as their heights (adults have an average height of 1 centimeters) There is insufficient information about Gibbons population until the 13th cent ury when the pygmies started being decimated and replaced with the arrival of Bantu tribes. Among the 40 Bantu tribes in Gabon, the major ethnic groups are the Fangs, Ashier. Emblem and Joanne. Only a small percentage of Sawbones live in the cities, the rest of the population is concentrated in the costal zones and the villages along the rivers. There is no major conflict between the different ethnic groups in Gabon, We observe an important umber of interesting marriages , Although there are many languages, only French remains the official language, the language of quotidian communication, The large majority of the population is Christian, spread between Catholics and Protestants. Besides there are animistic religions such as bit, the most The Sawbones people are proud of the prosperity of their country and are very spiritual. Each ethnic group has ceremonies for births, deaths, initiations Tribal art : mask from the pun tribe Gabon has one of the largest collection of masks found in the continent Many environmental Nags are present in Gabon Environmental Non-governmental organizations play an important role in the development and management of costumers in Gabon. We count approximately 15 national Nags that intervene in the field of environment such as EDEN, Brain forest and Croissants seine environment. There are also International Nags involved in conservation . The most important in regards of projects are World Wide Fund (WFM) and the Wildlife Conservation Society ,both present in Gabon since 1985 . The Coffee project is invested in the durable management of natural resources in Central Africa. Its an example of a successful cooperation with the countries of Central Africa to ensure the sustainability of protected areas and to guarantee a future for the people living in tropical areas. What is the role of environmental Nags in Gabon? Nags serve as educators and as an important source of information and technical expertise in the conservation field. They associate with the administrators of protected areas and with the local community, often rejected of the tourism industry , in order to establish a solid egotistic program. The role of Nags in the costumers domain is stop the degradation of the natural environment of Gabon and build a utter where the Sawbones will live in harmony WI TN the nature. To realize t objective, they focus on two areas of activity. Biodiversity Footprint We are going to focus on the example of the involvement of WFM in the Manlike Forest. Biodiversity Ensure that the wildlife remains safe and dynamic for future generations. They focus strategically on the conservation of threatened areas and endangered species that are particularly for the conservation of Gibbons rich biodiversity. For example, WFM considers the Nibble forest as key area for the animals found there given the impact of the human activity that exists there. The Nibble national park and the surrounding forests are considered among the most intact in Africa. A WFM educator and his students in the Nibble forest close to the Vivian river The second focus, is to reduce the negative impacts of human activity , our ecologic footprint . Nags make sure that the natural resources essential to live, such as water and air, are managed in a sustainable and equitable manner. For example, WFM suggests some solutions to the problems associated with mining activities and poaching encountered in the Nibble . WFM worked with the government and the private sector to reduce he effects of the opening of the iron mine of Belling exploited by a Chinese mining company. Gabon is listed as one of the most prosperous countries in Sub-Sahara Africa with the highest HID and 3rd highest GAP per capita in the region. When we record the economic performance of Gabon, we notice that the revenues of oil production have maintained the economy for the past decades after oil replaced forestry as a driving factor of growth, right after the first oil boom of 1973. Therefore, the dependence on non-renewable resources is evident in Gabon. On the other hand, we also note that poverty is strongly present in the country with a large part of the population living in precarious conditions and a high income inequality present since independence. We get to the conclusion that Gabon is a typical example of the resource curse with the inclusive nature of oil extraction and the mismanagement of revenues it often leads to. Only diversification of the economy to other sectors can help reach higher economic performance , ensure a sustainable development and a better future for the population . Not every Sawbones benefits from the oil revenues: Approximately the 20% wealthiest of Gabon receive t the income. There is a large gap between Sawbones elite which enjoys a luxurious lifestyle and the significant proportion of the population which still lives with less than 2 dollars a day and doesnt have access to adequate lighting and potable water despite the massive oil revenue. The fact that the majority of the Sawbones population is hurt by the oil exports instead of benefiting from it is due to Gabon is the third larger producer and exporter of the resource curse paradox . Indeed, resource rich crude oil in Sub-Sahara Africa countries tend to encounter stagnant growth and The oil sector has accounted for 78% of the exports, corruption is often a consequence of the inclusive 38% of the GAP and 45% of governments revenues trait of oil extraction because oil money tends to in 2010. Corrupt politicians who end up putting their interests first rather than thinking of ways to invest in their countrys long term prosperity. Because the oil money goes directly to the government revenues, governments are not dependent on tax income and therefore are not constrained to do what the citizens want. An example to describe this phenomenon is the degree of corruption that exists in Gabon. Bongo System Omar Bongo Indaba, president of Gabon from 1967 after the death of Gibbons first president Leon Mba, and held the power for 41 years until his death in 2009. He conserved his regime for so long by maintaining prosperity and peace in Gabon but also by cultivating the support of his surrounding elite to whom he spread the oil wealth . The elite is particularly members of his clan, government and the PEG, unique Sawbones political party. French Journalists have recently made a documentary about Ill acquired goods, denouncing the numerous bank accounts, uxorious residences and car the past president owned all over the world in contrast with the miserable situation of many Sawbones. We could continue to describe the level of corruption that massive oil revenues have created in Gabon but the essential idea to remember here is that oil production necessitates expertise and savoir-fairer so not everyone can participate in this activity, therefore it doesnt create employment . Also the high revenues generated from it encourages a system of corruption that only benefits a certain elite who also happens to hold the power in the country. The stakes of power become very high and the well-being of the population is not a priority anymore. Finally, others sectors of the economy are neglected because oil money becomes sufficient in government revenues and doesnt create incentives to develop other economic activities. Economists call this phenomenon the Dutch disease and define it as the decline/non-existence of the manufacturing sector associated with the discovery of an enriching natural resource. In conclusion, in Gabon, although the revenues generated from oil extraction helps raising the GAP, it doesnt benefit the population because it has not social betterment ND doesnt Bennett t the economy because it doesnt encourage gar A residential neighborhood and a popular neighborhood in Libreville, the capital city How can costumers improve the situation in Gabon? The oil deposits in Gabon are expected to be exhausted. Since oil revenues represent a considerable part of Gibbons GAP, it is urgent that other alternatives are taken, preferably one that is sustainable and wont run out after a certain amount of time. Weve established that costumers is an activity that fits in a sustainable development logic so it is socially equitable while being economically efficient. It creates employment as tourism in general requires a development of the service sector . Indeed costumers activities needs tour agencies and guide services, lodges and private reserves as well as such satellite activities as crafts industries and transportation and food services. It can even get the local populations living around the protected areas to be involved and directly benefit from the welfare it creates. More generally, tourists come with money to spend and that money creates Jobs and incomes to households. Because Gabon already has a potential for costumers , it should exploit its potential o overcome the resource curse. To keep intact its natural resources, , Gabon has started very early to initiate both at national and international level, actions for their conservation In the ass, Gabon has put under its protection the Massif Forrester of Monday and subsequently other sites such as the Sabina arboretum rich in various plant and animal species. This commitment is further manifested between the ass and the ass with the creation of several research institutes. For example, Institute for Research in Tropical Ecology (RET) and Institute of Pharmacy and Traditional Medicine (EPHEMERA). The Project of the 13 National parks Aware of global issues in 1972 in Stockholm, and with a still very unique and virtually untouched environment, the President of the Republic, His Excellency El Had] Omar Bongo Indaba, has decided to continue on a large scale, in the year 2000, the census work of Sawbones ecosystems. With the support of Sawbones scientists at the National Center for Scientific and Technological Research and Nags such as WFM and WAS, an ecosystem mapping was carried out throughout the country. In 2000,Mike Fay, an American of WAS, achieved with the support of National Geographic, a very difficult raid 440 days, 14 months in the rainforests: the Monstrance. Hundreds of kilometers on foot from northern Congo to the Atlantic beach Gabon, without ever leaving the forest, crossing some of the most pristine and wild areas of the planet. With the results of the census, and inspired by the great adventure of Mike Fay, and stunning images of National Geographic photographer Nick Nichols, President Omar Bongo Indaba decided to change the course of the management of natural resources in Gabon .

Principles of Management free essay sample

1. Why was the succession of Ursula Burns to the top position at Xerox considered historic? It was considered historic because Ursula M. Burns was the first African-American woman to lead a major U. S corporation and she also was the first female CEO to take the reins from another woman. During those times it was hard for a woman to get a job and it was even harder if she was a minority. Further, she succeeded another woman, Anne Mulcahy, who was one of the very few women to head a major U.S. corporation. (George, 2011) 2. Why are there so few women and minority CEOs of large corporations? There are so few women and minorities CEOs in large corporations because they haven’t gotten past the fact that they don’t look like their role models who are the people they look up to. What they should be doing instead is start to focus on the similarities they have with the white male executives. We will write a custom essay sample on Principles of Management or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If they focus on that they will see that they are the same as their white-male coworkers.Another reason why there are so few women is because many large companies have maintained their traditional beliefs that business men look better in suits. Furthermore most people tend to promote others who are like them and since then white men have dominated the corporate executive suites it’s no surprise to see that even today white men still dominate the corporate world. (George, 2011) 3. What steps have managers at Xerox taken to effectively manage diversity? What are the consequences of these initiatives?Since the 1960’s’ Xerox has made use of its employee similarity networks where representatives of minority groups would represent the interests of those groups to senior management. The network provided women and minorities the chance to display their leadership capabilities to upper management. Xerox also has performance reviews that rate managers on their capabilit y to employ, guide and promote underrepresented groups. The consequences of these initiatives are Anne Mulcahy who is a celebrated female CEO and now Ursula Burns who is a historic female African-American CEO. (George, 2011)

Celebrity Culture Sociology Essay Sample

Celebrity Culture Sociology Essay Sample The Celebrity Culture Sociology Essay The Celebrity Culture Sociology Essay The celebrity culture continues to be elevated significantly. The culture, which according to Marshall (2006) involves the elevation of personalities into the public limelight, has become deeply entrenched in societies, which is partly so due to the role played by it in the mass media. In the past, avenues such as TV and radio stations were the most popular channels. However, in the present times, technology has opened its doors for the use of social media to propagate the culture in various ways. The current paper explores para-social interaction, celebrity status and political power, van Krieken’s celebrity society, new social media, celebrities, as well as religion and celebrities. Para-Social Interaction Among the most notable features of the new mass media is the face-to-face illusion created by the performing artists. The circumstances of responses to the celebrities are comparable to those across primary groups (Donald, Wohl 2006). Thus, viewers perceive the illustrious artists as if they are within the same sphere. Hence, the para-social relationship is defined by the personal association that the new mass media creates. For example, if looking at television shows, the image that is presented relies on appearance and gesture nuances which capture attention of ordinary social imaginations. In the above mentioned instances, actors often face spectators and employ directness in addressing or talking. The approach influences the latter into thinking that they are directly engaged, at a personal level. On its part, the audience responds by actively participating in the shows through subtle insinuations. The process goes on, as performers alter their behaviours to suit their audiences , and vice versa. The conversational simulacrum, involving ‘give and take’, constitutes para-social interaction (Donald, Wohl 2006). Such interactions are not subject to sense, effort and responsibility governance on the audience. Spectators are free to withdraw from engagement any moment. However, if the involvement continues, the relationship provides a framework for adding some fantasy. Differences are encountered based on experiences which often demonstrate the lack of reciprocity, although the audience can do nothing about the concern. The audience is also at a disadvantage because it can only withdraw from engagements, if unsatisfied. In the present times, programs full of celebrity rumors keep increasing. In such shows, petty issues form the agenda for discussion. Surprisingly, large numbers of people are addicted to following the programs for entertainment or to catch up on fashion trends. In this regard, the social relationship conveys a message that largely centers on challenging social norms. Thus, individuals who feel that the time has come to escape from the confines of routine are more likely to find the shows attractive. In the case of radio and TV, the persona reflects archetypal indigenous individual of the scene that the media presents (Donald, Wohl 2006). Besides attempting to portray the character as familiar and intimate, pervasiveness and closeness are also thoroughly put into consideration. Surprisingly, such personae claim they have intimacy with crowds, comprising of strangers. Hence, the intimacy is an imitation that is aimed at satisfying the protracted goals. Nevertheless, the high number of recipients seems happy about the association. The fact that the members who form the audience are invited using some informal channels show that celebrities are interested in ‘deceiving’ them into believing that they are relating at a personal level. Thus, through the creation and enhancement of fantasy, celebrities are in a position to generate many followers who ensure that the culture is sustained. The intimacy bond is integral for the development of a personal relationship between the celebrity and audience (Donald, Wohl 2006). The bottom-line lies in the creation of an intimacy illusion, since the relationship between the two parties is definitely one-sided. In creating the illusionary image, the persona duplicates gestures and conversational styles that are visible only in face-to-face encounters. The trend accounts for the high level of casualness that invitations of concerts take. The idea is to create an impression among fans that they are engaged personally. Similarly, spectators maintain small talks that demonstrate that indeed the connection is individual-based. Celebrity Status Political Power Both social and political fields keep changing with time. In the present times, celebrities are using their popularity or elevated images to influence public opinion. Given the high level of fame that such personalities enjoy, their public utterances on various issues normally alter the way the public assesses matters proposed or supported by politicians (Merkel 2013). It is apparent that celebrities have the public attention. Hence, when they raise objections to matters affecting the people, chances of swaying opinions increase significantly. Despite the growing influence of celebrities, it is arguable that their power does not match that of politicians in shaping public opinion on governance issues. On the contrary, celebrities seem to hold more power regarding social matters, such as fashion. Nevertheless, their role in politics continues to rise. Arnold Schwarzenegger is one of the most notable celebrities who have managed to take their influence from the celebrity status to publ ic office. The need for information is central towards the decision whether celebrities should play a role in politics. Given that information is useful in decision-making, the public needs its possession to arrive at sound choices. However, not all the individuals are equally informed. As a result, such persons are likely to make poorly deliberated decisions and celebrities emerge and influence them. However, such occurrences always happen, given the fact that high levels of apathy continue to affect many democracies. The implication is that the influence from celebrities on politics is growing in stature, although it might not inform audiences on what is right. In practice, celebrity figures are more likely to support their friends, instead of important issues or principles. However, in cases where celebrities base their support for issues on principle, they are likely to have a significant influence on politics. Another concern is that celebrity influence might deny a common person of a chan ce to assess issues being addressed by blindly taking the position being supported by the popular stars (Merkel 2013). Taking into consideration that a big percentage of people do not follow political debates, they are highly likely to take similar positions of those taken by celebrity figures. The connection between celebrities and politics lies on the former’s ability to provoke both positive and negative reactions on social and political matters. However, sometimes they exploit their statuses to access certain provisions or privileges, as well as support from political figures in a bid to further their personal political activism. According to Merkel (2013), celebrity power is viewed in terms of the possessions of popular personalities that allow them to form social capital that they use when engaging the public. Owing to the power that celebrities have, they are able to publically tangle in hegemonic negotiations and struggles. Celebrities are constructions that are maintained through a combination of industry promotional activities and subordinates, such as people. In the absence of the two categories, celebrities cannot exist. The author proposes the need to investigate how celebrities influence audiences in creating meaning and understanding issues under discussion. In his observations Merkel (2013) claims that through their social status, politicians have found that star personalities are useful in creating a certain image on voters. The development explains the preference for such figures in political campaigns and other political activities. Van Krieken’s Celebrity Society Van Krieken (2012) has explored the celebrity society. According to van Krieken (2012), celebrity figures attract wide attention from the media (films, internet, books, magazines and television). The above author observes that the emergency of modernity is central to the rise of a new crop of star figures who are dominating social life. van Krieken (2012) also demonstrates that, as a culture, celebritism is beyond the Hollywood activities, given that it is a long-running historical process that started with art, theatre and print press. By looking outside the precincts of the existing accounts of the celebrity culture, van Krieken (2012) focused on the constantly changing social structures and practices. Further, van Krieken (2012) assesses moral grammar, political economy, legal order, and the construction of self-identity based on attention, recognition and distribution of visibility. The author explains that the contemporary celebrity culture is a product of the court society which emerged after the democratization of a number of functions that were carried out by the aristocracy/ruling class. Similarly, van Krieken (2012) observes that the ‘economics of attention’ has risen to play a significant role in the development of the celebrity society. Attention is proving to be critical and valuable in the current information/digital age. In the court society, social associations are structured on the lines of the princely or royal system that was dominant across Europe in the Middle Ages. The court society presented a form of social organization that placed some individuals on top of others. The emergency of alternative leadership to aristocracy placed an emphasis on hard work, rather than ascription. Despite all the attempts to bring rationality to social life, bourgeois which was the alternative leadership failed to accomplish the mission, as anticipated, given some form of irrationality remained as reflected in celebrity worship. With the advancement in information technology and the development in social media, a show-off culture has developed among people all over the world. In particular, the young generations have sunk into the habit of sharing their new possessions on platforms, such as Instagram. Star figures, on such avenues, enjoy massive following. As a result, it is easy to find celebrities positing their activities and items on the sites from time to time. Through acts of this nature, the culture of consumerism is supported and taken to a new level. Van Krieken (2012) argued that although the concept of culture has its virtues, it lacks adeptness unless given a particular and an unusual definition. The author cites the inability to capture aspects that go beyond values, attitudes, behavior, ways of life, and cognitive orientations in order to understand economic, social and political structures and institutional bases of experience, such as what emanates from the celebrity customs. Reasoning alongside celebrity lines tends to demonstrate that a given obsession about a select class of people in the society. Although acknowledging that celebrity is a politically institutionalized phenomenon, van Krieken (2012) argued that social structuring is also critical towards understanding the assigning, distribution and organization of the status. In essence, van Krieken (2012) sees the celebrity culture as an institutionalized social life. New Social Media and Celebrities Without a doubt, social media has emerged as a leading contributor to the glorification of the celebrity culture. The media uses its ability to set and dictate agendas to thrust celebrities into the public domain. As a result, it is not surprising that social media has radically brought the culture into focus. Despite a number of issues taking place at a time, stories on tabloids and magazines gravitate on celebrity life, as observed by North, Bland Ellis (2005). It is fascinating that instead of concentrating on issues affecting tangible issues, media outlets are attentive to the celebrity syndrome. However, celebrity coverage remains trivial, and it also lacks in substance. For example, informing society about the clothes that a musician adorns amounts to pure trivia. In the present times, the celebrity culture has become tied to the new social media. The relationship between the two parties is mutually beneficial and, sometimes, destructive. The celebrity culture is profoundly entrenched in the media, such that in the absence of the latter, the former ceases to exist. By running constant updates about celebrity persons, the media attracts many followers. In the current times, having a big numbers of flowers enhances the ability of an entity to secure sales and marketing contracts. As a result, a lot of followers are beneficial both to celebrities and social media, as the relationship between the parties helps in to generate revenue. Apart from benefits, such as those listed above, some downsides are witnessed as well. In particular, the media always keeps a close check on celebrity figures, such that the individuals in question lack the freedom to go about their daily lives without scrutiny. Moreover, the media seems to be more focused on negativ e stories than productive ones. The media does not worry about criticism, so longer is generates viewer or visitor traffic. Although almost all celebrities can thank the media for the role it plays in elevating them into stardom, such personalities can also raise their concerns about the role of such avenues in bringing them down. Figures, such as Michael Jackson and Britney Spears, are examples of the role of both the media in undermining artists. Taking Spears as an example, she was labeled a sensational figure but once her career nosedived, the same media began tearing her apart. In practice, it is commonly remarked that, â€Å"no publicity is bad publicity†. However, negative publicity is only productive if the star in question is viewed as a product. Thus, social media will carry stories to generate traffic on their sites. By sensationalizing stories, the media is able to create content and attract visitors with the intention of elevating its position as a largely visited site. The overall aim is to convince marketers that such a platform is the best tool to reach a high number of existing and potential customers. Such a culture perpetuates commercial imperialism because social media outlets do not pay attention to the feelings of the celebrities. On the contrary, generation of revenue is what matters for the media platforms. It appears that at the personal level, the relationship between the media and celebrities is not necessarily positive, although the association between the two in a commercial sense is largely satisfactorily. Religion and Celebrity The relationship between religion and celebrity culture emerges based on a number of observations. Citing Emily Durkheim, Marshall (2006) observed that religion’s power to unite a community was influential because it provided what he termed as collective effervescence (state of excitement). However, the role of religion dwindles as morality centered on individualism advances. The equilibrium principle sets into operation to counterbalance the changes in order to ensure stability when the place of religion comes under threat in societies. Accordingly, it is a rational development that a decline in the influence of religion results in a new development that is based on celebrity worship. As it was mentioned above, religion generates an effervescence feeling in people. Thus, in the face religion’s declining power, star performers in various fields rise to fill the void left. Academic studies have shown that celebrity culture is assuming the place of religion. Arguing based on research, Arnould and Thompson (2005) found that the DNA structuring of human beings predisposed them to be social beings. As pointed earlier, religion’s primary role is to provide leadership, an aspect that coincides with the human nature of following. Based on the above account, following star performers is a natural process for people, since celebrities are individuals who have excelled in different spheres of life. In the eyes of the audiences/followers, the artists who scale high levels of success in life are worthy emulating. This is the case because they are viewed as role models. Hence, it is arguable that celebrity worship is similar to religion because the two play the same function of providing leadership about life. Ideally, religion should provide leadership regarding what individuals are expected to do (McCutcheon, Scott, Arugate and Parker 2006). Conventionally, religion shaped people’s lives, given that it provided values and norms for people to abide by. Celebrity figures have also taken the role, since a big percentage of their followers focus on matching their lives. Thus, it is arguable that celebrity worship equates to religion. McCutcheon, Scott, Arugate and Parker (2006) observed that historically, societies always collected in crowds to follow those viewed as capable of leadership. As a result, celebrity worship has existed from ancient times, just as religion did. However, nowadays, the media has blown the issue out of proportion. Regardless of such variations, it is apparent that the culture of celebrity worship competes with that of religion, given that both attempt to provide guidelines on leading life. Evolutionary biology is also among the fields that assist in demonstrating the connection between celebrity culture and religion. Referring to evolutionary biology, McCutcheon, Scott, Arugate and Parker (2006) observed that human beings always aspire to emulate people who do excel in a given fields. Such a trend was present even during prehistoric times, as individuals who outperformed others earned respect. For instance, successful hunters were viewed as heroes. However, following the end of the significance of such practice, their prowess lost value. In the current times, people count on top performers whom they rank as role models. Fundamentally, its performance is a major factor in evaluating the contribution of people. In conclusion, it is held that religion and celebrity culture have many similarities, although the latter seems to be on an upward trend while the former is on a decline.

Process Writing for ESL and EFL

Process Writing for ESL and EFL Process writing is an approach to incorporating writing skills from the very beginning of the English learning process. It was developed by Gail Heald-Taylor in her book Whole Language Strategies for ESL Students. Process writing focuses on allowing students- especially young learners- to write with plenty of room left for error. Standard correction begins slowly, and children are encouraged to communicate through writing, despite limited understanding of structure. Process writing can also be used in an adult ESL/EFL setting to encourage learners to start working on their writing skills from a beginning level. If you are teaching adults, the first thing learners need to understand is that their writing skills will be well below their native language writing skills. This seems rather obvious, but adults are often hesitant to produce written or spoken work that is not up to the same level as their native language skills. By easing your students fears about producing sub-par written work, you can help encourage them to improve their writing abilities. Only mistakes made in grammar and vocabulary that has been covered up to the current point in time should be corrected. Process writing is all about the process of writing. Students are striving to come to terms with writing in English by writing in English. Allowing for mistakes and refining based on materials covered in class- instead of perfect English- will help students incorporate skills at a natural pace, and improve their understanding of materials discussed in class in a natural progression. Here is a short overview of how you can incorporate process writing into your students learning routine. Aim: Improve writing skills from beginning levels of EnglishActivity: Process writing - journalsLevel: Beginning to advancedMaterials Needed: Notebook for each student Outline Encourage learners to write in their journal at least a few times a week. Explain the idea of process writing, and how mistakes arent important at this stage. If you are teaching higher levels, you can vary this by stating that mistakes in grammar and syntax on material not yet covered arent important  and that this will be a great way to review material covered in past levels. Students should write on the front side of each page only. Teachers will provide notes on the writing on the back. Remember to focus only on material covered in class when correctly student work. Start this activity by modeling the first journal entry as a class. Ask students to come up with various themes that could be covered in a journal (hobbies, work-related themes, observations of family and friends, etc.). Write these themes on the board. Ask each student to choose a theme and write a short journal entry based on this theme. If students do not know a particular vocabulary item, they should be encouraged to describe this item (for example, the thing which turns on the TV)  or draw the item. Collect the journals the first time in class and do a quick, superficial correction of each students journal. Ask students to rewrite their work based on your comments. After this first session, collect students workbooks once a week and correct only one piece of their writing. Ask students to rewrite this piece.

Islamic Finance Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Islamic Finance - Essay Example The value and growth demonstrated by Islamic finance, in recent years, typifies the industry’s overall potential comparative to conventional finance. The growth of Islamic finance has been observed outside conventional Islamic markets in members of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC). This signifies the increased attention being paid to Islamic finance by policy markers, as well as other universal market participants. The point of this paper is to refute the argument that Islamic finance cannot serve as a viable alternative to conventional finance. To date, a number of non-traditional Islamic markets such as London and New York have shown increased appreciation for the value of Islamic finance. In fact, London and New York launched indices in their FTSE and Dow Jones indices with a view to offer a benchmark for equity prices attributable to investments in Islamic financial companies (Warde 141). Governments such as the UK government continue to play a major role in extending th e scope of Islamic finance by extending support, for instance, by prohibiting the imposition of double stamp duty on Islamic mortgages (Warde 54). This is indicative of the fact that modern governments and private institutions are becoming increasingly aware of the viability of Islamic finance as an alternative to conventional finance. ... Typically, Islamic finance offers financial products rooted in the doctrines of Shariah or Islamic Law (El-Gamal 94). Most of these products are offered to Muslim investors while some Islamic products also attract conventional borrowers and investors. Islamic finance centers primarily on the principles of Islamic, and as a consequence, it encompasses a two-tier system. Firstly, the banking system accepts bankers’ deposits primarily for safe-keeping purposes without the accrual of any return while demanding 100% reserves. This means that, under Islamic finance, the payment system of the economy is protected from risks. Additionally, the system also limits the capacity of the banking system to create credit, thus hindering the necessity for deposit guarantee attributed to the conventional reserve system (Iqbal, Mirakhor, Askari and Krichene 196). The second primary component of Islamic finance is the fact that investment factors that act as classical financial intermediaries tha t channel savings to appropriate investment projects, as well as events where investment deposits are deemed as equity investments, without guarantees at maturity are subject to profit and loss sharing (Warde 128). Depositors are essentially considered as investors and the collection of assets managed by the financial institution appear on the assets segment of the balance sheets. The primary difference of between the conventional financial system and financial intermediation inherent in Islamic finance is that while depositors accrue fixed and pre-determined liabilities in conventional finance, those in Islamic system are party to both profits and losses accrued by the financial institution’s assets (El-Gamal 133). This signifies that Islamic finance does away with the old